Cellular therapy in perforating inflammatory root resorption: Results of 4-year case study
In a case report, researchers detailed the treatment of a patient with perforating inflammatory root resorption using allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation. They noted that patients with perforating inflammatory root resorption have an increased risk of dentin and tooth loss.
In the study, published in the Journal of Endodontics, the researchers explained that the 13-year-old female patient presented with a traumatized maxillary central incisor with discoloration, a buccal sinus tract, an 8-millimeter probing depth and percussion tenderness. Following radiography and cone-beam computed tomography, they found an extension of the perforating inflammatory root resorption from the cervical to apical third of the tooth’s root — where there was complete loss of the buccal alveolar bone — communication with the periodontium and lateral perforation.
Treatment consisted of sodium hypochlorite, ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid and intracanal calcium hydroxide for disinfection followed by the transplantation of allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells into the canal, a coronal plug and composite restoration. After a follow-up of 48 months, the researchers reported resolution of the sinus tract, normalization of the buccal probing depth, mineralized tissue infilling of the perforating inflammatory root resorption, reestablishment of the periodontal ligament space and buccal bone healing.
As a result of the findings, the researchers suggested that allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation could be effective in treating perforating inflammatory root resorption long term in younger patients. However, further clinical trials are needed to validate the results of the study.
Read more: Journal of Endodontics
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