Exploring chronic cough and GLP-1 receptor agonists in Type 2 diabetes treatment

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists could be associated with chronic cough.

In a study published in JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, investigators used U.S. electronic medical record data to examine the outcomes of more than 2 million participants with Type 2 diabetes who received either GLP-1 receptor agonists or another second-line treatment type — including dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors or sulfonylureas.

Compared with the participants who received DPP-4 inhibitors or sulfonylureas, those who received GLP-1 receptor agonists were more likely to exhibit chronic cough. However, there was no statistically significant increased risk between GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors until participants with gastroesophageal reflux disease diagnoses were removed from the analysis.

Further studies are needed to better understand the pharmacologic mechanisms contributing to the incidence of new chronic cough after the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists in Type 2 diabetes.

Read more: JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery

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