How to manage single-tooth discoloration
In a two-part review, investigators explored the etiology, management strategies and treatment challenges of single-tooth discoloration.
In the first part of the review, published in the British Dental Journal, the investigators used the PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Science Direct databases to conduct a literature search of articles focused on tooth discoloration and treatment solutions.
Understanding the etiology of a single discolored tooth through a clinical and radiographic examination is imperative to selecting the most appropriate treatment options. Previous research has shown that single-tooth discoloration can be the result of multiple factors. Intrinsic discoloration can be attributed to metabolic or genetic disorders, dental conditions, dental materials, trauma, tooth resorption and systemic conditions. Extrinsic tooth discoloration is resultant from dietary habits, environmental factors, tobacco use and drugs that can stain the teeth. The investigators suggested minimally invasive treatment approaches — including scaling, microabrasion, air abrasion, teeth whitening, resin infiltration, and direct-composite veneers.
In the second part of the review, also published in the British Dental Journal, the investigators assessed more invasive strategies following the ineffectiveness of minimally invasive techniques. The investigators detailed that indirect restorations may provide patients with durable prosthetics as well as longer-term aesthetic and functional outcomes.
The investigators revealed that composite veneers can accurately mask discoloration with high color matching, while offering enhanced structural properties to resist damage. Although less of the original tooth structure is removed to place veneers, crowns may be more effective in cases of moderate to severe tooth discoloration. Nonetheless, crowns can come with higher costs and a greater risk of complications requiring repairs and replacements.
The investigators concluded that the extent of the discoloration on the tooth as well as the patient’s aesthetic goals will dictate the treatment necessary to improve the appearance of the smile. While mild discoloration can be corrected with minimal treatment, more complex cases could warrant invasive approaches.
Read more: British Dental Journal (part 1) and British Dental Journal (part 2)
The article presented here is intended to inform you about the broader media perspective on dentistry, regardless of its alignment with the ADA's stance. It is important to note that publication of an article does not imply the ADA's endorsement, agreement, or promotion of its content.