Signs of hormonal changes in oral health of menopausal patients
A dental professional shared how menopause can affect oral well-being.
The dentist detailed that during perimenopause and menopause, changes in hormones — including decreases in estrogen, progesterone and testosterone — can adversely affect the teeth and gums through sleep disruption, inflammation, xerostomia and bone loss, according to a news article from Dr. Bicuspid.
Because salivary glands include estrogen receptors, the dentist noted that reductions in estrogen can result in declines in saliva production and quality. This can leave patients with xerostomia, less lubricating saliva, changes in smell and taste perception and a higher risk of experiencing enamel erosion and dental decay. In addition, drugs such as antihistamines, antidepressants and antihypertensives can alter saliva production.
During menopause, the experts emphasized that drops in estrogen and progesterone can weaken the alveolar bone that supports the teeth, shrink the oral mucosa and increase the likelihood of periodontal disease. Individuals may also experience inflamed and recessed gingiva and a burning sensation in the mouth known as burning mouth syndrome. Psychological symptoms and poorer sleep may also contribute to bruxism, and changes to airway muscle tone can lead to obstructive sleep apnea.
To combat the adverse oral effects of menopause, the experts advised individuals to stay hydrated, use a nonabrasive toothpaste, chew sugar-free gum to stimulate saliva production, consume a diet low in sugar and consider use of a prescription-strength fluoride toothpaste for those with increased caries risk. Clinicians should also consider a patient’s use of osteoporosis treatments prior to planning oral procedures and monitor wear facets and fractured restorations to determine the most appropriate solutions.
Read more: Dr. Bicuspid
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